4.8 Describe experiments to prepare insoluble salts using precipitation reactions

• Mix two solutions together (let's say silver nitrate and sodium chloride)
• A product will form
• Filter the mixture
• Collect solid from filter paper
• Wash with water
• Leave to dry in an oven or do so between bits of filter paper

A good way to remember this is

MFWCD

My

Friend's

Weirdly

Colored

Duck

or, if you prefer,

My

Friend's

Wacky

CD

Sums up this:

Mix

Filter

Wash

Crystallize

Dry

4.7 Describe experiments to prepare soluble salts from acids

You could do the following:

• Add an excess of sulphuric acid to a metal (let's say zinc) 
• Watch it react
• Filter off the excess zinc
• Heat the solution gently for about 2 minutes
• Put aside, leave to cool until crystals form
• Dry between bits of filter paper

Sulphuric acid + zinc → Zinc sulphate + hydrogen

This is what zinc sulphate looks like :)

4.6 Understand the general rules for predicting the solubility of salts in water:

• All common sodium, potassium and ammonium salts are soluble
• All nitrates are soluble
• Group 1 metal salts are soluble
• Common chlorides are soluble, except silver and lead(II) chlorides
• Common sulphates are soluble, except calcium and barium sulphates
• Common carbonates are insoluble, except ammonium, potassium and sodium

If you want to test yourself, click here (don't worry, the link is to another page on this blog, I promise...it's a quizlet)